The Erythrina Gall Wasp Quadrastichus erythrinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): Invasion History, Ecology, Infestation and Management

The Erythrina gall wasp Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is an invasive insect that induces galls on coral trees (species of Erythrina, Fabaceae) in urban and suburban landscapes. Weakening death the tree were both observed after infestation by this insect, wherein feeding consequent draining nutrients a large population Q. could be playing key role. In article, we consolidate summarize information distribution, invasion route, ecology, level, management populations last two decades analyze challenges their management.